Communication
In communications the agency is somewhat ill supplied. From , Thal, where the narrow gauge railway ends, there is an unmetalled road 56 miles in length, to Parachinar. This road cut mostly from conglomerate is in most places in excellent condition, but where it crosses softer strata or culturable land it is liable after heavy rain to be rendered practically impassable even by the small amount of wheeled traffic actually using it, and would in its present state certainly break down if used by wheeled transport on any scale. From Parachinar or from the main road a variety of country roads branch off to Paiwar, Kharlachi, Ahmadzai, Kirman and other places of local importance. These, however, have been made by no more advanced process than making a clearing of the larger stones, and are every few hundred yards intercepted by un ramped stony ravines. They are not intended for, and are quite impassable for wheeled traffic. Of communications generally the best known route by the Paiwar Kotal over the Shutar Garden to Kabul. An alternative route is from Kharlachi to Mizahi over the Mirzahi Kotal and thence to Kabul by the Khost road. Although Kharlachi and Paiwar are less then 12 miles apart on the Parachinar plateau, the two roads of which they guard the entrance are separated by the Mandher range which from s a continuation at right angles of the Safed Koh waters bed as a consequences the route Kabul is about 60 miles from Parachinar and by the Kharlachi routeabout 65 miles, but the later is frequently below Khwaja Khidr far the whole length of the boundary line the road into Khost is open at innumerable points of these the best known is probably the Khadand route taking off from Alizai. Of the many routes on the left bank into tribal territory the most important are the Kirman the Khumana and the Alizai Doaba route through Chinarak. Although for ordinary purposes the route used to Thal is the road through Sadda, there is another rouate from Ahmadzai to Laha Tiga on the borders Jaji Maidan and thence on to Alizai over the Turi Maidan and low lying hills. This route has been used since time immemorial by nomad Turis in their migrations in the summer and autumn and is still so used. A glance at the map will show that this route is entirely cut off by the solid mass of hills known as Charmoghar from the tract of country around Sadda, and as will be shown later, the selection of this route by the Turis has had an important result in determining the ownership of the land near Sadda.
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